Azacitidine

Azacitidine is a prescription medication used in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It is a cytidine analogue, a type of chemotherapy drug that works by inhibiting the enzyme DNA methyltransferase, which is responsible for DNA methylation. This process helps to control gene expression and maintain the normal functioning of cells.
In patients with MDS, azacitidine helps to improve blood cell production and reduce the risk of complications, such as infections and anemia. For patients with AML, azacitidine works by inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis, which leads to the death of cancerous cells.
Azacitidine is administered through intravenous (IV) infusion or subcutaneous injection, typically once daily for a period of 7-14 days, depending on the patient’s condition and treatment plan. The dosage and duration of treatment may vary, and follow the prescribed regimen closely to achieve the best possible outcomes.
Azacitidine is not recommended for use in patients with severe kidney or liver impairment, and its use should be cautiously evaluated in patients with pre-existing conditions. Common side effects of azacitidine include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and hair loss. More severe side effects may include infections, bleeding, and reduced blood cell counts. Report any side effects to a healthcare professional to determine the appropriate course of action.