Disulfiram

Disulfiram, also known as Antabuse, is a medication primarily used for the treatment of alcoholism. It works by producing an unpleasant reaction when alcohol is consumed, which helps to discourage alcohol consumption and promote abstinence. The medication is typically prescribed as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that may include counseling, support groups, and other interventions.
Disulfiram works by inhibiting the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase, which is responsible for breaking down acetaldehyde in the body. When alcohol is metabolized, it is converted into acetaldehyde, a toxic substance that causes the unpleasant side effects experienced when taking Disulfiram. These side effects, known as the “Disulfiram-alcohol reaction,” can include headache, nausea, vomiting, flushing, rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, and even life-threatening symptoms in severe cases.
The use of Disulfiram should be closely monitored by a healthcare professional, as it is not suitable for everyone. Individuals with certain medical conditions, such as heart disease, liver disease, or psychiatric disorders, may not be suitable candidates for Disulfiram therapy. Additionally, the medication should not be taken during pregnancy or breastfeeding, as it may harm the developing fetus or infant.
Disulfiram is usually taken as a single oral dose of 250 to 500 mg daily, with the dosage adjusted based on individual patient needs and response. Follow the prescribed dosing instructions and to avoid consuming alcohol while taking Disulfiram to prevent the unpleasant side effects and to maximize the effectiveness of the medication in promoting abstinence.