Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis, also known as degenerative joint disease, is a common chronic condition that affects the joints, particularly the hips, knees, hands, and spine. It occurs when the cartilage within the joints wears away, causing pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. The exact cause of osteoarthritis is not clear, but it is more common in people over the age of 65, those with a family history of the disease, and individuals who have experienced joint injuries or excessive wear and tear.
Medications for osteoarthritis can help manage pain, reduce inflammation, and improve joint function. There are various types of medications available, including:

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen and naproxen, work by reducing inflammation and relieving pain. They are typically used for short-term relief of osteoarthritis symptoms.
Acetaminophen: This over-the-counter pain reliever can help manage mild to moderate osteoarthritis pain without causing the gastrointestinal side effects associated with NSAIDs.
Topical analgesics: Creams, gels, and patches containing ingredients like menthol or capsaicin can be applied directly to the skin over the affected joint to provide localized pain relief.
Intra-articular injections: Steroid injections, such as cortisone, can be administered directly into the joint to reduce inflammation and provide pain relief.
Disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs): DMOADs like duloxetine are prescribed to help slow down the progression of osteoarthritis and manage pain.
Joint supplements: Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate are popular supplements that may help reduce joint pain and improve joint function in some individuals with osteoarthritis.

Consult a healthcare professional before starting any new medication to determine the most appropriate treatment plan based on individual needs and medical history. Patient safety and clear communication about potential side effects and drug interactions should always be prioritized.