Metformin

Metformin is an oral medication used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, a condition characterized by high blood sugar levels due to insulin resistance. Metformin works by reducing the amount of sugar produced by the liver and increasing the sensitivity of muscle cells to insulin, allowing them to absorb more sugar from the bloodstream. This dual action helps lower blood sugar levels, reducing the risk of complications associated with diabetes, such as heart disease, kidney damage, and nerve problems. Metformin is typically prescribed as a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes and is often used in combination with other medications to achieve better blood sugar control. Metformin should not be used in patients with type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis, as it can worsen these conditions.