Ephedrine, Theophylline

Ephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine that stimulates the beta-adrenergic and alpha-adrenergic receptors in the body, resulting in an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, and bronchodilation. It is primarily used in the management of bronchospasm associated with conditions like asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema. Additionally, it may be utilized as a decongestant for the treatment of nasal congestion due to allergies or the common cold.
Theophylline, on the other hand, is a methylxanthine derivative that acts as a bronchodilator and has mild diuretic and stimulant properties. It is mainly employed in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, as well as for the prevention of apnea in preterm infants. Theophylline works by inhibiting the enzyme phosphodiesterase, which results in increased levels of cyclic AMP, leading to bronchodilation and relaxation of smooth muscle in the airways.