Fungal nail infections

Fungal nail infections, also known as onychomycosis, are a common condition that affects the nails, causing them to become discolored, thickened, and distorted. The infection is caused by various types of fungi, including dermatophytes, yeasts, and molds. These fungi thrive in warm, moist environments and can easily spread from person to person through direct contact or shared personal items, such as towels or shoes.
Fungal nail infections typically start as a white or yellow spot under the tip of the nail and can progress to affect the entire nail, leading to a thickened, brittle, and discolored appearance. In severe cases, the nail may separate from the nail bed, causing pain and discomfort.
Treatment options for fungal nail infections include topical antifungal medications, oral antifungal medications, and laser therapy. Topical treatments are applied directly to the affected nail and surrounding skin, while oral medications are taken by mouth to treat the infection systemically. Laser therapy is a newer treatment option that uses light energy to target and kill the fungal organisms within the nail bed.
The most commonly prescribed oral medications for fungal nail infections include terbinafine, itraconazole, and fluconazole. Topical treatments may include antifungal creams, gels, or nail lacquers containing ingredients such as ciclopirox, amorolfine, or tavaborole. The duration of treatment varies depending on the severity of the infection and the specific medication used.
Consult with a healthcare professional before starting any treatment for a fungal nail infection, as they can determine the most appropriate and effective treatment option based on the individual’s specific needs and medical history. Additionally, maintain good nail hygiene, keep nails trimmed and clean, and avoid sharing personal items to prevent the spread of fungal infections.